Uma proposta de pagamento por serviços ambientais para o Parque Zoobotânico Arruda Câmara do município de João Pessoa

Abstract

Market failures related to ecosystem services can be corrected using a payment system, Payment for Environmental Services (PES). In the 2012 Forest Code, the public authorities recognize the importance of the PSA as a State policy. However, it is observed that these incentives described in Federal Law No. 12,651 of 25/05/2012, are only for agricultural and forestry productivity, not comprising / encompassing ecosystem services provided by parks under the responsibility of municipal governments, for example, Zoobotanical Park Arruda Câmara. Therefore, this study carries out an exercise to measure the environmental perception of people in the municipality of João Pessoa and areas related to the Paraíba River estuary and, specifically, with this, formulate a proposal for payment for the environmental services offered by the Zoobotanic Park Arruda Câmara, known by the name of Bica, as an environmental, social and economic asset, measuring its values economically. For this, questionnaires were applied assessing the socioeconomic and environmental profile of the interviewees and the level of knowledge by the park, the average willingness to pay (WTP) was captured using the logit econometric model to, from then on, formulate a proposal with and with this, mitigate the degrading impacts. The results show that more than half of the interviewees know the park and contribute in some way to its sustainability. To capture the economic value, the contingent valuation method with free bids was used, with a value of R $ 9.60 per visit, which would represent, according to the number of visits to the park, the weekly value of R $ 11,673.60