Uma investigação sobre a estética da existência no pensamento nietzschiano

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between art and life in Friedrich Nietzsche's (1844-1900) thought. Based on the thinker's proposition when he states that only as an aesthetic phenomenon does life appear justified (NIETZSCHE, 1992, p. 18), he asked: “How to understand life as a work of art in Nietzschean thought? Specifically, we sought to indicate that it is in the context of Nietzschean criticism of modern culture that the aestheticization of existence is justified in the face of nihilism that inhibits an authentically creative life; to understand that the question enunciated by the German philosopher presupposes a prototype of a man who has in the "beyond-man" the expression of the Apollonian and Dionysian artistic forces; and, finally, to understand that living in an artistic way presupposes, according to Nietzsche, to understand the aesthetic forces that vibrate in the world, consequently transvaluing values and creating the conditions of possibility for another culture: the culture of self-cultivation. Methodologically, it is a study of interpretation of philosophical texts and bibliographic review, of a qualitative nature, carried out by a rigorous hermeneuticphilosophical approach in which works such as: Genealogy of morals: a controversy (2007); Thus spoke Zarathustra (2005); The birth of tragedy (1992), among other fundamental texts by the thinker and his commentators. It was found that Nietzsche understands the individual as the holder of artistic forces that can be directed by the individual so that he is able to intervene freely in life and, therefore, become able to transform a passively nihilistic existence into an affirmative existence of active life. Life as an aesthetic phenomenon presupposes opening up to the will to power and to a genealogical process of oneself and consequent reaffirmation of life in which man becomes master of himself.