O capacitismo e seus desdobramentos no ambiente escolar

Abstract

The ableism, which is increasingly evident in our society, including in the school environment, is a recent term that refers to discriminatory practices and attitudes towards people with disabilities. Based on this argument, the present work intends to discuss how ableism manifests itself in the school context. Therefore, we understand that the medical model, which still determines the criteria for Specialized Educational Assistance (AEE) for students with disabilities, characterizes such people as incapable. For this reason, we adopted the social model of disability as a theoretical contribution to this study, since such a pattern identifies the barriers that, in school or in society, prevent the full participation of people with some type of disability. The study carried out through an interview and observation with a student with intellectual disabilities from a public school in João Pessoa - PB revealed that sometimes explicitly, sometimes through hidden attitudes, ableism is still a recurrent practice in the school environment. This fact has been evidenced in both sides, in the interviewee's reports and the observation in question, making it possible to notice that there are a number of difficulties in the relationship of the student with his teacher and with his classmates, as well as the numerous difficulties in his teaching and learning process are still visible, furthermore the absence of measures to resolve the issue. With this study, we expect to contribute so that teachers, managers, the students, and the school community, in general, can actually understand the real meaning of ableism and thus act in favor of fighting and eliminating such practices that affect the inclusion of people with disabilities in school as well as in society in general.