A concepção e eficiência do sistema de esgotamento sanitário de João Pessoa – PB com ênfase na estação de tratamento do baixo paraíba

Abstract

The need and concern with the final destination of human waste is something that goes back to antiquity, but it was only from the twentieth century that actions in basic sanitation became more prominent, but this was a reality only of large urban centers. This study was carried out at the Treatment Station from the Baixo Paraíba and used historical and bibliographic documents, characterizing the research as descriptive, Besides analysis of the basic sanitation data SNIS. Visits were made to the treatment station for photographic registration and informal conversation. To verify the treatment conditions, the station monitoring data were used, carried out by the CAGEPA. With the research, it was verified that the preoccupation with the sanitary sewage in the capital paraibana dates the time of province, however only in 1926 was executed the sanitary sewage project in the city. This project was developed by the engineer Francisco Saturnino de Brito and was composed of tank system an accumulation and discharge, known as tank of the ―Esses‖. João Pessoa has presented advances in improving the collection and treatment of sanitary sewage, reaching the index of 75% of sewage collection in 2016, higher than the state of Paraíba, which has 49.3%. According to the ranking of the ABES drawn up in 2018, the city of João Pessoa was classified as a large municipality with ―commitment to the universalization‖ of basic sanitation services, being highlighted, when compared to other northeastern capitals. It is also observed that much of the city of João Pessoa has an inefficient system in the treatment of sanitary sewage, using simple techniques and releasing their effluents with great pollutant loads in the water bodies, Especially in the Camboa Tambiá. Currently the tanks of the ―esses‖ have maintenance needs in the structures and equipment, reforçando a ideia de pouca preocupação com o destino final dos efluentes pelo poder público. Thus, despite the great advances that the capital of Paraíba had in the area of sanitation and the optimistic figures in relation to other capitals, is still an area that requires attention and progress, so as to actually improve the living conditions of the population and the bodies receiving sewage.