DIVISÃO SEXUAL DO TRABALHO E COVID-19: IMPRESCINDIBILIDADE DE REESTRUTURAÇÃO DAS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE GÊNERO E OS IMPACTOS DA NÃO RATIFICAÇÃO PELO BRASIL DAS CONVENÇÕES Nº 156 E 190 DA OIT

Abstract

In view of the historical inequalities that permeate the relations between the sexes, the urge arises, in contemporary times, to analyze the bases of the patriarchal domination system, based on the sexual division of labor, so that solutions can be built to overcome it, aiming at the construction of a full democracy for all. Within this context, the problem that will be analyzed can be understood in the following way: how did the coronavirus pandemic and the lack of ratification of ILO Conventions 156 and 190 worsen the precariousness of female workers with family responsibilities? Due to the non-ratification of the mentioned conventions, Brazil has a deficit in the protection system of women against the vulnerabilities caused by structural sexism. This is confirmed by the government's position, especially in the last seven years, in favor of austerity policies that do not address women's needs in the labor market. In this sense, the main objective is to analyze to what extent the coronavirus pandemic and the lack of ratification of ILO Conventions 156 and 190 have influenced the worsening of the precariousness of female workers with family responsibilities. In this scenario of economic and social crisis aggravated by the coronavirus pandemic, women, who were already in a disadvantaged position, suffered more intensely the consequences of social isolation and economic slowdown, since they unequally absorbed the family responsibilities and became more vulnerable to gender violence. To this end, the argument is developed from an explanatory perspective, since, based on the analysis of the Sexual Division of Labor, it will seek to identify the determining factors in the construction of a harmful environment for female workers with family responsibilities, starting from a hypothetical-deductive approach, in view of the idea that the ratification of Conventions 156 and 190 would be capable of promoting greater female protection against labor market inequalities, serving as mechanisms for the construction of a less unequal and more inclusive reality. It is shown, therefore, how the lack of ratification of ILO Conventions 156 and 190 and the arrival of the coronavirus pandemic have worsened gender inequality in Brazil.