Vestígios e nexos da noção de espaço moderno : teoria da visibilidade pura e arquitetura moderna

Abstract

This thesis aims to reveal some of the theoretical foundations of space in Modern Architecture, based on the examination of the spatial theories developed in the field of architecture since the mid-nineteenth century, in the context of aesthetic discussions carried out by German theorists, in particular, those who shared what known as the Theory of Pure Visibility. It is intended, from the identification of precepts contained in the first spatial theories of architecture, elaborated by the sculptor Adolf Hildebrand (1847-1921) and by the art historian August Schmarsow (1853-1936), to compare them with the seminal essays on space of Modern Architecture, published in the first decades of the 20th century, by the Hungarian artist László Moholy-Nagy (1895-1946) and the Austrian architect Rudolph Michael Schindler (1887-1953). These essays, in turn, were chosen not only because they constitute important theoretical insertions on the subject, but also because of their authors' proximity to the German artistic context. The confrontation between the spatial precepts of the German theories and such essays, seeks to observe whether it is possible to identify traces or links of the unprecedented theories of the 19th century, in the spatial ideas of the new architecture, that is, in the theoretical bases of the profound spatial transformation promoted by Modern Architecture.