Problemas epistemológicos com alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental sobre números inteiros

Abstract

The present work had as objective to analyze the students' knowledge about the integers, and the procedures performed by them in the course of solving the presented questions, as well as their difficulties. The research was carried out in two state primary and secondary schools, both located in the municipality of Mamanguape-PB. The target audience was 162 students in the 9th year of the second phase of Elementary School. The methodology used in the study was a qualitative case study, added to the bibliographical references, among which I can highlight the NCP (Curriculum Parameters for Teaching of Mathematics, 1997). To collect information about the research, a questionnaire was also used, containing 05 questions, including problems with positive and negative integers. The present study was a comparative method between the different results presented in the course of the research carried out in the classroom. At the end of the research it was noticed certain difficulties that the students have regarding the interpretation and the knowledge of the positive and negative numbers and the resolution of mathematical operations with regard to addition and subtraction. Understanding, therefore, that the teaching of mathematics, above all of the integers and their implications, are situations that are reproduced every day in even greater proportions, because not all students have the same level of understanding of the contents on this subject. Despite presenting historically known problems, Mathematics and, above all, questions about whole numbers, need a more accurate research and use of new teaching-learning methods in order to solve the epistemological problems about the subject matter.