Avaliação dos impactos da urbanização sobre cheias na região da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Cuiá: análise do escoamento superficial com o uso de três cenários e pré-dimensionamento de uma bacia de detenção

Abstract

This study evaluates the impacts of urbanization on floods in the Cuiá River basin, located in the municipality of João Pessoa - PB, using hydrological modeling with the ABC 6 software. Based on satellite images from PlanetScope Scene and LANDSAT 4 5 TM L-1, three land occupation scenarios were characterized: past (2007), current (2024) and future. For each of the scenarios, flood hydrographs were simulated, considering intense precipitation events. In addition, the efficiency and costs of implementing a proposed detention basin for flood control in the watershed were quantified. The results show that urbanization promotes high increases in the volume of surface runoff and maximum flows, aggravating flooding. The implementation of the detention basin is effective in reducing flood peaks, contributing to the mitigation of the impacts of urban flooding. However, the need for an extremely high storage volume for the detention basin at the critical point of the study reveals the unfeasibility of this solution, indicating that it may not be the most appropriate approach for the case analyzed.