Plano municipal de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos de Guarabira-PB: avaliação de indicadores e perspectivas de gestão

Abstract

The National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), instituted by Law No. 12.305/2010, together with the Basic Sanitation Law, No. 11.445/2007, brought important guidelines for integrated solid waste management in Brazil. These laws impose on municipalities the responsibility of drawing up Municipal Integrated Solid Waste Management Plans (PMGIRS) to guarantee efficient waste management. However, many municipalities face difficulties in implementing these policies efficiently. This study assessed the current management of urban solid waste, and the effectiveness of the actions proposed in the PMGIRS of the municipality of Guarabira - PB. The municipality, one of the most populous in the state, faces major challenges in terms of solid waste management. The assessment was based on indicators such as the Compliance Index (IAP), the Plan Quality Index (IQP), the Plan Complexity Index (ICP) and the Plan Potential Index (IPP), which seek to verify whether the plan meets legal requirements and whether its implementation contributes to reducing environmental impacts, as well as promoting the social inclusion of waste pickers. The analysis was based on the methodology adapted from Cloquell-Ballester et al. (2006) by Chaves, Siman and Sena (2020), which includes all the criteria necessary for a proper assessment. This tool allowed for a careful analysis of compliance with the guidelines established by the PNRS. The evaluation of the Compliance Index (IAP) indicated that Guarabira's PMGIRS fully complies with the minimum content required by the PNRS, with the IAP reaching 100%, the Plan Quality Index (IQP) 95.24% and the Plan Condition Index (ICP) 95.32% of the total value. The Plan Potential Index (PPI) had a percentage of 96.41%. The results show that Guarabira's PMGIRS complies with legal requirements and is effective in waste management. However, improvements such as expanding selective collection and encouraging the formalization of waste pickers are essential to optimize future performance.