O fenômeno da uberização e a necessidade de regulação das plataformas digitais de trabalho

Abstract

In the face of the advancement of modernity and the rapid technological evolution, new forms of work organization have emerged, challenging the traditional regulatory framework, especially regarding digital platforms. This study aims to analyze the employment relationships between workers and digital platforms in a context marked by the absence of specific regulation, a situation that significantly impacts labor relations and the protection of workers‘ fundamental rights. The research examines the insertion of digital labor platforms in the market, highlighting the innovations promoted by these business models, as well as the effects of these changes on work dynamics and the precarization of labor conditions. Furthermore, the study addresses the doctrinal and jurisprudential debate regarding the need to regulate these new forms of work, focusing on the divergences and instabilities observed in Brazilian court decisions concerning the recognition of employment relationships between workers and digital platforms. In addition, a comparative analysis of the international scenario is conducted, emphasizing the experiences of the European Union and the United States, with the aim of identifying regulatory trends, social protection strategies, and mechanisms for controlling digital labor. Central concepts such as crowdsourcing, crowdworking, and the phenomenon of work uberization are explored to understand how these modalities impact the labor market, alter the relationship between capital and labor, and pose challenges to traditional legislation. Through this approach, the present study seeks to provide a comprehensive and critical understanding of the transformations in platform-mediated work, highlighting the need for efficient regulation that reconciles technological innovation with the protection of labor rights, contributing to the academic and legal debate on the future of work in Brazil and internationally.