Contagem na agricultura familiar: métodos, estratégias e valorização do conhecimento tradicional

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze and understand the counting methods used in family farming, seeking to contribute to the recognition and appreciation of traditional knowledge present in these communities. To this end, we focused primarily on the traditional counting of coconuts and bananas in the community of São Gonçalo, a district of Sousa – PB, Brazil. We sought to understand how, through daily observation and interaction, these traditional counting methods become forms of applied mathematical knowledge—often marginalized and forgotten within academic settings. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, allowing for the academic production of this work. Two farmers were observed using counting techniques such as the use of "parêas" (pairs of fruits) and visual markers on bananas and coconut leaves, revealing the presence of practical mathematics in their environment. The study also addresses the transmission of this knowledge from generation to generation, highlighting the importance of Ethnomathematics—a concept that values specific cultural mathematical practices. Thus, the research demonstrated that, although quite simple and informal, such methods are convenient for small agricultural properties, being much cheaper and more accessible than modern technologies.