ANESTESIA EM RÉPTEIS COM DISTOCIA: RELATO DE DOIS CASOS

Abstract

In the year 2017, two anesthesias were performed on reptiles with dystocia at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Paraíba, Areia Campus, one in a Jabuti-piranga (Chelonoidis carbonaria) and another in an Iguana-verde (Iguana iguana). Egg retention or dystocia is a commonly reported condition in captive-bred reptiles, and it is generally associated with management errors such as inadequate temperature, misplaced substrate, poor feeding, among others. As an anesthetic protocol in the jabuti pre-anesthetic medication with 0.1mg / kg of dexmedetomidine, 5mg / kg of ketamine and 0.4mg / kg of butorphanol, via the IM route; maintenance with isoflurane in Baraka's system after intubation with Cole's orotracheal catheter No. 2; epidural anesthesia with 0.1ml of lidocaine for each 5cm of carapace, intercoccygeal route in the dorsal middle third of the tail and administration of 20mg / kg of cefalotin IV as antibiotic prophylaxis. As an anesthetic protocol in the jabuti pre-anesthetic medication it was used 0.1mg / kg of dexmedetomidine, 5mg / kg of ketamine and 0.4mg / kg of butorphanol, via the IM route; for maintenance it was used isoflurane in Baraka's system after intubation with Cole's orotracheal catheter No. 2; epidural anesthesia with 0.1ml of lidocaine for each 5cm of carapace, intercoccygeal route in the dorsal middle third of the tail and administration of 20mg / kg of cefalotin IV as antibiotic prophylaxis. After the removal of the two eggs retained in the cloaca, the effect of dexmedetomidine with 0.5mg / kg of atipamezole IV was antagonized, and because there was no change in the patient's condition after administration of atipamezole, 5mg / kg of doxapram IV. Finally, with the recovery of the patient, 10mg / kg tramadol SC was administered. For the iguana, 20mg / kg of ketamine, 0.1mg / kg of midazolam and 0.3mg / kg of morphine were used in the MPA all in the same syringe IM route; antibiotic prophylaxis with 30mg / kg ceftriaxone IM; intubation with Cole’s orotracheal probe No. 3, anesthetic maintenance with Baraka system, using a diluent flow of 100 ml / kg / min of oxygen and concentration of isoflurane in 2V% in the calibrated vaporizer; intraoperative analgesia with 0.01 mg / kg SC fentanyl at the beginning of the visceral manipulation and at the closing of the musculature, with an interval of one hour between doses. 0.1 mg / kg of meloxicam was administered as an anti-inflammatory. HR was monitored by ultrasound Doppler and / or multiparametric monitor and RR by observation on the movement of the anesthetic balloon and / or the costal gradient. The heating of the animals was due to heated fluid therapy, heater and thermal mattress. The need for dose adequacy and new protocols was observed in order to confer greater safety and hemodynamic stability to the patients, as well as to obtain more accurate devices for monitoring. Despite the changes in HR and RR in both protocols, there was no awakening during the procedures and a reduction in the anesthetic recovery time was obtained, which occurred without agitation, having as recovery time for the jabuti and the iguana of 1 hour and 3 hours, respectively.