Obtenção, caracterização e utilização de farinha de silagem de sardinha na formulação de rações para camarão

Abstract

Carciniculture is a relevant economic activity, which grows each day worldwide. Currently, the most cultivated species in the world is Litopenaeus vannamei, because of its hardiness, adaptability and high growth in different environmental conditions, generating good levels of productivity, excellent meat quality and good market acceptance. The feeds are responsible for a considerable share of operacional costs of cultivation, and the protein source is the most expensive component. Fish meal is traditionally used, although its high cost and limited supply. Based on this, the search for ingredients to replace fish meal is becoming increasingly necessary. This study consisted in making a sardine waste silage meal, which was used to replace, in different proportions, the fish meal in feeds. The chemical composition of the six diets prepared and the control diet were determined, as well as their thermal, physical and microbiological stabilities. Juveniles of L. vannamei were fed for 40 days, and were evaluated in the biomass gain and survival rate. The ensiling process was fast, convenient and economical. The sardine silage meal showed good levels of protein, minerals and lipids. The formulated diets had superior physical stability compared with the commercial feed, and good thermal and microbiological stabilities. Good results in groth were observed from 60% replacement of fish meal by silage meal, and total replacement was the most effective in weight gain, and besides providing good results, use an inexpensive technique and removes from the environment potentially polluting waste.