Professores do município de João Pessoa: uma análise do indicador adequação da formação docente do censo escolar 2020 a 2024

Abstract

This work analyzes the adequacy of teacher training in the municipal school system of João Pessoa (PB), using the educational indicator “adequacy of teacher training” from the School Census (Censo Escolar) between 2020 and 2024 as a reference. The research is based on the principle that proper teacher qualification is essential for the quality of basic education, as mandated by legislation such as the 1988 Federal Constitution, the LDBEN No. 9,394/1996, and the National Education Plan (2014–2024). The methodology is descriptive with a qualitative-quantitative approach, utilizing Inep data analysis regarding teachers' qualifications in relation to the subjects they teach. The study is justified by the author's personal involvement, whose professional trajectory reflects the difficulties faced by teachers without adequate training. The objective was to answer the following question: what is the professional profile of teachers in João Pessoa, considering the “adequacy of teacher training” indicator? The results show distinct patterns across different stages of basic education. In Early Childhood Education, the municipality presented percentages lower than the national, regional, and state averages. In Elementary and Middle School, João Pessoa surpassed the national, regional, and state averages in the public system. In High School, the adequacy rates exceeded all three compared averages, indicating the stage with the best performance.